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Introduction to Economic Research: Sources by Countries

Library of Congress Digital Collections Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan and Tajikistan Government Web Archive

Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan and Tajikistan Government Web Archive (275)

Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce & Investement In serving the private sector, the chamber looks back on a long history, which started 89 years ago. For the first time in 1931, Afghan traders established Commercial Arbitration Association to integrate their business activities and also defend their rights. Later on this organization was transformed into the chamber of commerce and industries to promote domestic production and trade in all provinces. In the beginning of the millennium the former state controlled chamber made a dynamic leap forward. The chamber law of 2009 ensured that the ACCI is an independent and democratic organization. This approach allows for close co-operation between the public and private sectors and enables the creation of a self-regulated business sector throughout the country. Currently, the chamber represents over 90 % of the total Afghan work force. ACCI is headquartered in Kabul and operates 27 branch chambers in 25 provinces. Its current membership exceeds 65,000 companies and 255 business unions, association and cooperatives who represent a vast majority of the total Afghan workforce. Today, ACCI is uniquely positioned to influence the pace of economic growth and reform. Strategically nestled at the nexus of public, investor, donor, academia, media, and foreign channels, the Chamber is facilitating the interests of the Afghan private sector to a diverse audience. Through its business advocacy, the Chamber is seeking a balance between regulation and revenue. As a vehicle for promoting trade and investment, it is opening new markets for Afghan products, matching potential buyers with potential sellers, and advancing the investment narrative of the nation. From access to networks of global partners, the Chamber is acquiring valuable market information and international lobbying services on behalf of the Afghan business community. Based on ACCI’s Bylaw, ACCI’s High Council the utmost decision maker within the chamber structure. Members of the High Council are comprised of the Board of Directors from provincial chambers. They are elected for three years terms through a free and fair election under supervision of the Independent Elections Commission (IEC). And then the High Council elects the Board of Directors as same term.
Afghanistan International Bank Afghanistan International Bank was founded in 2004 and has since established itself as a pioneering leader in Afghanistan’s banking sector. We have become the country’s most respected and trusted financial institution. Over the past ten years AIB has built an enduring institution that combines international expertise with local knowledge, giving us a deep-rooted understanding of customer needs that is grounded in the highest international standards and best practice.
Ministry of Finance of Afghanistan The Ministry of Finance (MoF) manages and executes budget, collects taxes, organizes and controls public expenditure, and finally manages customs. Every government has to know the status of its revenues and expenditures, the management of its financial resources and to allocate them effectively. Currently, a major share of the Afghanistan government budget is financed by international assistance. The Ministry of Finance, as the responsible body for public finance and expenditure, increasingly becomes more influential on coordinating and managing international assistance to Afghanistan, and convinces donors to channel more funds through the government treasury. For the past few years, the Ministry of Finance has been trying to regulate its activities according to international rules and regulations. To achieve this goal,MoF established a recruitment section, as well as a Policy Design and Execution Unit, and has continually embarked on training and capacity building of its staff. The Ministry’s aim is to manage financial affairs of the country through standard economic principles, so that Afghanistan becomes economically sustainable, secure, and self-sufficient, to ensure that public wealth is used in an accountable and transparent manner.
National Bank of Afghanistan According to CM (Council of ministers) approval number 152 dated 3/2/1318 (1939) Wolesi Jirga (House of Representatives) approval number 11 dated 19/6/1318,(1939) Meshrano Jirga(senate) historical approval dated 12/6/1318(1939) and then-king’s approval number 1317/5280dated17/11/1318,(1939)Da Afghanistan Bank was established in capital Kabul with initial asset of 120 million Afghanis, which, with its defined authorities and responsibilities, was able to set up its branches and subsidiaries inside and outside the country.
National Statistics and Information Authority of Afghanistan National Statistics and Information Authority, formerly known as the Central Statistics Organization, was established in 1972 as an independent authority within the government of Afghanistan in order to establish a coordination mechanism for managing statistical information within all sectors in the country. Through 1973-1978, NSIA extended establishing offices in other provinces of the country. In 1991, NSIA was promoted from Central Statistics Organization to a ministry. However, this lasted only for one year. NSIA has accomplished many important tasks since its establishment, mainly conducting the first nationwide census in Afghanistan whose initial phase began between 1975- 1978 and completed in 1979. In addition, NSIA has conducted many other activities which include implementing sample surveys and collecting different data in the country.

Agency for Statistics Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan Bureau of National Statistics The Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter – Bureau) is an institution of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter – the Agency), which, within the Agency's competence, carries out implementation functions on state statistical activities and other functions in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The mission of the Bureau is the elaboration and implementation of state policy in the field of state statistics, aimed at meeting the needs of society, the state and the international community in official statistical information.
Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan The Ministry of finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan is central executive body of the Republic of Kazakhstan, carrying management and also cross-sector coordination in the sphere of activity, related to its competence, within the framework, stipulated by the legislation.
Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan Management of state and state bodies, state investment projects, investment protection and restriction of monopolistic activity, natural monopolies, development and economy. support of private enterprise, self-regulation, state statistical activity and consumer protection to it.
National Bank of Kazakhstan The National Bank represents, within the limits of its authority, the interests of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the relationship with the central banks, with banks of other countries, in the international banks and other financial-credit organizations. The National Bank should not be guided by the aim of gaining profit in performing its tasks. The National Bank is the entity that reports to the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, but within the limits of authority granted by the legislation, is independent in its activity. The National Bank coordinates its activity with the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in its activity takes into consideration the economic policy of the Government and facilitates its implementation, if doing so is not in conflict with the realization of its main functions and implementation of monetary policy. The National Bank is a common centralized system with the vertical administrative scheme. The highest administrative authority of the National Bank is the Board, the authority of the executive management is the Board of Directors.
The National Chamber of Entrepreneurs of the Republic of Kazakhstan The National Chamber of Entrepreneurs of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Atameken" – is a non-profit organization. NCE is designed to enhance the negotiation power of business with the Government and public authorities. The Chamber represents the interests of small, medium and large businesses, covering all business areas, including internal and external trade. The main task of the National Chamber of Entrepreneurs "Atameken" - is protection of the rights and interests of the business, ensuring wide coverage and involvement of all entrepreneurs in the process of formation of legislative and other regulatory rules for business. Activities of the National Chamber are aimed at improving the business and investment climate, stability, development of the business environment in the country, both for domestic and foreign investors.

Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Kyrgyz Republic The Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Kyrgyz Republic, as a non-governmental, non-profit organization, is expanding its relationship with state agencies and with partner business associations in the country and abroad, and contributes to the development of the economic, industrial, scientific, technical, and trade relations of the Kyrgyz Republic to other countries. The Chamber was founded on 24 December 1959, acting on the basis of the Law "On the Chamber of Commerce of the Kyrgyz Republic", adopted on 13 April 1994 by the Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic. The mission of the Chamber is to promote the establishment of an appropriate legal environment, infrastructure, and other conditions for the establishment, development, and protection of business in Kyrgyzstan. It seeks to ensure that every entrepreneur has real equal opportunities to develop their business in the country and access to international markets.
The Ministry of Economy of the Kyrgyz Republic In accordance with the Regulation on the Ministry of Economy, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 117 dated February 20, 2012, the Ministry is the central executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy in the field of macroeconomic, antitrust, tariff, licensing, investment, foreign trade, fiscal policies, policies in the field of public-private partnerships, state material reserves, economic and regional development, management state property, technical regulation and metrology, as well as in the field of development of halal industry, trade, development of entrepreneurship and optimization of the regulatory framework of business regulation, development of free economic zones. The purpose of the ministry is to create conditions for ensuring socio-economic progress and sustainable development of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Ministry of Finance of the Kyrgyz Republic
National Bank of Kyrgyzstan
National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic
The ‘Life in Kyrgyzstan’ Study The ‘Life in Kyrgyzstan’ Study (LiK Study) is a research-based, open access, multi-topic longitudinal survey of households and individuals in Kyrgyzstan. It tracks the same 3,000 households and 8,000 individuals over time in all seven Kyrgyz regions (oblasts) and the two cities of Bishkek and Osh. The data are representative nationally and at the regional level (East, West, North, South). The survey interviews all adult household members about household demographics, assets, expenditure, migration, employment, agricultural markets, shocks, social networks, subjective well-being, and many other topics. Some of these topics are addressed in each wave while other topics are only addressed in selected waves. All members of the households in 2010 are tracked for each wave and new household members are added to the survey and tracked as well. The survey was first conducted in 2010 and it has been repeated four times in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2016. The sixth wave of the LiK Study was conducted during November 2019-February 2020.
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A research-based, open access knowledge infrastructure for Central Asia

Agency on Statistics under President of the Republic of Tajikistan The Statistical Agency under President of the Republic of Tajikistan is the central statistical office of the country. The Agency on Statistics is administratively autonomous and its head serves as the country's chief statistician who reports to the President and government. The Statistical Agency is responsible for population censuses, household surveys, demographic statistics and a wide range of economic statistics involving establishment and enterprise surveys, as well as prices, international trade, the national accounts, government finance, agricultural, labor and social statistics. In the case of social statistics, the Agency on Statistics compiles the data from administrative records of corresponding Ministries. The National Bank of Tajikistan (NBT) compiles monetary data.
Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Republic of Tajikistan In order to develop foreign economic relations with near and far-abroad countries, to assist domestic business and trade organizations in strengthening domestic trade, the Chamber of Commerce of the Tajik SSR was established in Dushanbe by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Tajik SSR No. 130 of 30.03.1960. On the public basis, Alikul Aliyev, Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the Tajik SSR, was appointed Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce. The main mission of the Chamber was to intensify trade and economic cooperation, unite business and trade organizations engaged in business and industrial activities, represent their common interests, assist in the trade development in promoting domestic goods abroad and business partnerships with Chambers of commerce and export companies, participate in national and international exhibitions/fairs, symposia, conferences.
Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Tajikistan
Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Tajikistan
National Bank of Tajikistan he National Bank of Tajikistan is central issuance reserve bank of the Republic of Tajikistan and it is ownership of the Republic of Tajikistan. The National Bank of Tajikistan is underreporting of Majlisi Oli Majlisi Namoyandagon of the Republic of Tajikistan (lower chamber of Parliament). NBT is independent legal entity and for its purposes can establish institutions, having the rights of legal entity to acquire buildings, constructions or other property necessary for its activities. The National Bank of Tajikistan is not responsible for liabilities of the Republic of Tajikistan committed without the consent of the National Bank of Tajikistan. The Government guarantees the protection of titles of the National Bank of Tajikistan and can not confiscate its property, funds and money or reduce its statutory fund.

Ministry of Commerce - Government of Pakistan Contributing to the national economy through trade liberalization and facilitation, improving export competiveness and reducing cost of doing business. Aim to achieve higher market access for Pakistani products in existing markets as well as new markets with ultimate aim of improving quality of life of the people of Pakistan.
Ministry of Finance - Government of Pakistan To assist in the formulation and ensure the effective execution of sound and equitable economic and financial policies, that put Pakistan on the path of sustained economic development and macro-economic stability with a view to improving the quality of life of the people of Pakistan.
Ministry of Planning Development & Special Initiatives The Planning Commission (denoted as PC) is a financial and public policy development institution of the Government of Pakistan. The Commission comes under Ministry of Planning, Development and Reforms. The Planning Commission undertakes research studies and state policy development initiatives for the growth of national economy and the expansion of the public and state infrastructure of the country in tandem with the Ministry of Finance (MoF). Since 1952, the commission have had a major influence and role in formulating the highly centralized and planned five-year plans for the national economy, for most of the 20th century in Pakistan. Although the five-year plans were replaced by Medium Term Development Framework, the commission still played an influential and central role in the development of the programme. Furthermore, the Public Sector Development Programmes (PSDP) also placed under the domain of the planning commission. The commission's authoritative figures includes a Chairman who is the Prime Minister, assisted by the deputy chairman, and a science advisor.
Ministry of Privatization Government of Pakistan
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Privatisation is an important tool of economic reform for generating growth through structural improvement, removal of barriers and opening up the economy to competition. Privatisation program has been part of economic and structural reforms agenda of the successive Governments that along with deregulation and good governance seeks to enhance growth and productivity of Pakistan’s economy by harnessing the private sector as its engine of growth. It takes an integrated approach towards enhancing the private sector’s role and it goes beyond the transfer of public assets to the private sector through identification of links and role of regulation, good governance, market competition in fostering conditions that provide incentives for the private sector to invest in providing goods and services efficiently. 90% of the privatisation proceeds are utilized for retirement of federal government debt and remaining 10% for poverty alleviation programmes.
Ministry of Textile Industry - Government of Pakistan The textile sector in Pakistan has an overwhelming impact on the economy, contributing 60% to the country’s exports. In today’s highly competitive global environment, the textile sector needs to upgrade its supply chain, improve productivity, and maximize value-addition to be able to survive. The objectives of the Textile Industry Division are to formulate strategies and programme to enable the textile sector to meet these challenges and attain global competitiveness.
National Bank of Pakistan
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) is the prime official agency of Pakistan, responsible for collection, compilation and dissemination of reliable and timely statistical information to the policy makers, planners and researchers. It publishes a variety of reports, based on primary and secondary data, especially on economics and social aspects of the country. After independence of Pakistan, Central Statistical Office (CSO) was setup by the Government of Pakistan in 1950 as an attached department of Economic Affairs Division. Since then statistical system was reviewed from time to time by both local and foreign consultants. In 1972, on the recommendation of IBRD Mission, Central Statistical Office (CSO) was upgraded to a full-fledged Statistics Division. The Division was re-organized in 1981 and its technical wing (the then CSO) was converted into Federal Bureau of Statistics (FBS) as one of its attached departments. As a step forward Government of Pakistan has established Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, by merging Federal Bureau of Statistics, the Population Census Organization, The Agriculture Census Organization and the Technical wing of Statistics Division.
Pakistan Scientific and Technological Information Center (PASTIC) Pakistan Scientific and Technological Information Center (PASTIC) is the premier organization for dissemination of Scientific and Technological Information to the Scientists, Researchers, Engineers, Entrepreneurs, Industry and Citizens of Pakistan. PASTIC National Center is located in Quaid-e-Azam University Campus in Islamabad. It has six Sub Centers throughout Pakistan including Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta, Faisalabad and Muzaffarabad. PASTIC's services include Bibliographic Service, Document Supply Service, Abstracting and Indexing Service, National Science Reference Library, Reprographic Services, and Technology Information Services. PASTIC works under Pakistan Science Foundation which is the public organization for the promotion of Scientific Activities across Pakistan.