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Introduction to Law: Primary and Secondary Legal Sources

Primary Sources

Primary sources are statutory law (and other original sources under state law) and treaty law. For example, in Central Asia primary law consists of the constitutions and the statutory laws of each individual Central Asian state. These are often available online from an official government source, such as the state’s Justice Ministry.

Republic of Tajikistan

Constitution
In Tajik (pdf)
Constitution
In Russian (pdf)
Constitution
In English (pdf)

International Treaties

UN Treaties

Constitutional Law

Constitutional Law on GBAO
In Tajik (pdf)
Constitutional Law of RT on Resolution of Disputes related to Administrative and Territorial Division
In Russian (pdf)

Codes

Civil Code (part I)
In Tajik (pdf)
Civil Code (part II)
In Tajik (pdf)
Civil Code (part III)
In Tajik (pdf)
Civil Code (part I)
In Russian (pdf)
Civil Code (part II)
In Russian (pdf)
Civil Code (part III)
In Russian (pdf)
Civil Code (part I)
In English
Civil Code (part II)
In English
Civil Code (part III)
In English
Civil Procedural Code
In Russian (pdf)
Criminal Code
In Tajik (pdf)
Criminal Code
In English
Criminal Procedural Code
In Tajik (pdf)
Criminal Code (1998)
In Russian (pdf)
Criminal Procedure Code
In Russian (pdf)
Criminal Procedural Code
In English
Administrative Code
In Russian (pdf)
Administrative Procedural Code
In Russian (pdf)
Code of Administrative Offences
In English
Economic Procedural Code
In Tajik (pdf)
Economic Procedural Code
In English
Family Code
In Tajik (pdf)
Family Code of RT in Russian language
In Russian (pdf)
Family Code
In English
Tax Code of Tajikistan
In English

Law

Law on Parental Responsibility for Education and Upbringing of Children
In Tajik (pdf)
Law on Personal Data Protection
In Tajik (pdf)
Law on Regulation of Traditions and Celebrations and Ceremonies
In Tajik (pdf)
Law of RT on Protection of Consumer’s Rights
In Russian (pdf)
Law on Arbitration Court, Tajikistan
In English
Law on Public Associations, Tajikistan
In English
Law of Tajikistan on Limited Liability Companies
In English
Tajik Law on Land Management
English
Law on Dekhkan Farms Tajikistan
In English
Law of Tajikistan about economic zones
In English

Presidential Decrees and Orders

Presidential Decrees and Orders
In Tajik (pdf)

Courts Decisions (Examples)

Guide to Law, general

Guide to Law Online by World Law Guide
In English
Guide to Law Online for OSCE Member States
In English
Tajikistan, Guide to Law Online, US Library of Congress
In English

National Institutions

Parliament of Republic of Tajikistan
In Russian
The National Centre of Legislation Under the President of Republic of Tajikistan’s law database
In Tajik, Russian, and English

Example of Bilateral Agreement

Kyrgyz Republic

Constitution
In Kyrgyz
Constitution
In Russian
Constitution
In English (pdf)

Codes

Civil Code (part I)
In Kyrgyz
Civil Code (part I)
In Russian
Civil Code (part I)
In English
Civil Code (part II)
In Kyrgyz
Civil Code (part II)
In Russian
Civil Code (part II)
In English (pdf)
Criminal Code
In Kyrgyz
Criminal Code
In Russian
Criminal Code
In English (pdf)
Criminal Procedural Code
In Kyrgyz
Criminal Procedural Code
In Russian
Criminal Procedure Code
In English (pdf)
Family Code
In Kyrgyz
Family Code
In Russian
Family Code
In English

Law

Law on Amnesty
In Kyrgyz
Law on Amnesty
In Russian
Law on Ratification of the Forced Labour Convention of 1930
In Kyrgyz
Law on Ratification of the Forced Labour Convention of 1930
In Russian
Laws of Kyrgyz Republic
In Kyrgyz and Russian

Presidential Decrees

President of Kyrgyz Republic Decrees
In Russian
Ministry of Justice, Presidential Decrees
In Russian

International Treaties

UN Treaties

National Institutions

President of Kyrgyz Republic
In Kyrgyz and Russian
Government of Kyrgyz Republic
Kyrgyz and Russian

Court and Decisions (Example)

The Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Kyrgyz Republic’s decisions
In Kyrgyz and English
Kulov v Kyrgyzstan, UN Human Rights Committee Communication 1369/2005 (excerpts)
In English

Guide to Law Online, general

Guide to Law Online provided by the World Law Guide
In English
26.Guide to Law Online for OSCE Member States
In English

Republic of Kazakhstan

Constitution
In Kazakh
Constitution
In Russian
Constitution
In English

Constitutional Law

Constitutional Law on Judicial system and the status of judges
In Kazakh
Constitutional Law on Judicial system and the status of judges
In Russian

Normative Resolutions of the Constitutional Council

Normative resolutions of Constitutional Council
In Kazakh
Normative resolutions of the Constitutional Council
In Russian
Normative resolutions of the Constitutional Council
In English

International Treaties

UN Treaties

Codes

Civil Procedural Code
In Kazakh
Civil Procedural Code
In Russian
Criminal Procedural Code
In Kazakh
Criminal Procedural Code
In Russian
Code on Administrative Offences
In Kazakh
Code on Administrative Offences
In Russian

Law

Law on Juries, Republic of Kazakhstan
In Russian
Law on Juries, Republic of Kazakhstan
In Kazakh

National Institutions

Parliament of Kazakhstan
In Kazakh, Russian and English
Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan
In Russian

Guide to Law Online general

Guide to Law Online for OSCE Member States
In English
Guide to Law Online, US Library of Congress
In English

Bilateral Agreements

Example of Bilateral Agreement of Republic of Kazakhstan
In English

Republics of Afghanistan and Pakistan

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

The Supreme Court
In Dari, Pushtu and English
Guide to Law Online
In Dari, Pushtu and English
UN Treaties

Islamic Republic of Pakistan

National Assembly of Pakistan
In English
The Supreme Court of Pakistan
In English
UN Treaties

Secondary Sources

Secondary sources consist of scholarly articles that discuss the law. These are most commonly available in law journals published by law schools and legal organizations.

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